Many travelers find colonial cities uniquely charming and timeless. These destinations make you feel like you’ve stepped back in time from the moment you arrive. The romance of old plastered walls, cobbled streets, and brightly colored houses creates a picturesque and enchanting atmosphere. Staying at a historic but stylish inn in an “old town” lets you experience the past firsthand. Imagine waking up to a rich cup of coffee, observing the bustling, colorfully dressed locals from your balcony overlooking the central square. These places allow you to relax, slow down, and enjoy the magic of bygone days.
Here are ten South American colonial towns that are perfect for exploring:
Quito’s “Old Town”: The Best-Preserved Historic District in South America
Recognized by UNESCO as the best-preserved and least altered historic center in Latin America, Quito’s Old Town stands out. Filled with ethnic markets, historical plazas, and aged buildings, it’s easy to see why it was the first World Heritage Site. Touring Quito’s historic district immerses you in narrow cobblestone streets lined with artistic and architectural gems, including colonial-era plazas, 17th-century cathedrals, and old monasteries adorned in gold leaf.
A favorite includes the monasteries of San Francisco and Santo Domingo and the Church of La Compañía. Plaza Grande, surrounded by important buildings like the City Cathedral and the Presidential Palace, is another highlight. Don’t miss the intricately detailed Church of the Compañía de Jesus. The tour often ends with a panoramic view of the city from the Virgin of Quito monument on Panecillo Hill, giving a breathtaking overlook.
In addition to magnificent churches, monuments, and museums, Old Town offers authentic Quito experiences. Busy streets, local eateries, and market stands selling handmade goods give the quarter extra character. Visitors encounter locals in daily life activities, soaking in the area’s rich history and culture.
Cartagena’s Walled “Old City”
Cartagena’s Ciudad Vieja, or Old City, on the Caribbean coast, is a vibrant historical port. Surrounded by six miles of stone wall from the 17th century, this area offers a colorful and cheerful atmosphere. Brightly painted houses, flower-adorned balconies, and ornate doorways add to its charm. Upscale shops and restaurants, hidden plazas, and leafy parks make it a delightful place to explore. Enjoy local and international cuisine, take breaks in shaded plazas, and appreciate the nightlife rich with bars, clubs, and live music. The nearby Getsemani district offers a more laid-back vibe.
Cusco, Peru: The Rome of the Americas
Known as the archaeological capital of the Americas, Cusco offers a blend of Inca and Spanish colonial heritage. The historic plaza of Cusco, Plaza de Armas, serves as the city’s cultural heart. Visiting Cusco means exploring ancient Inca ruins, 16th-century baroque cathedrals, and living Andean traditions. With its rich history and status as a gateway to Machu Picchu, Cusco is a unique destination blending ancient and colonial marvels.
Salvador de Bahia: The Heart of Afro-Brazilian Culture
Salvador’s Old Town, Pelourinho, is a vibrant area with rich Afro-Brazilian influences. The district’s historic architecture, cobblestone streets, local music, dining, nightlife, and cultural celebrations make it a lively place to visit. Pelourinho’s colorful buildings, cultural centers, and music schools reflect the city’s deep-rooted African heritage, offering a vibrant and immersive experience.
Ouro Preto: A Must-See Colonial Town in Brazil
Ouro Preto, meaning “black gold,” was a key mining town during Brazil’s 18th-century gold rush. Its well-preserved baroque architecture and cobblestone streets create an authentic, historic ambiance. Exploring the town reveals ornate churches, historic buildings, fountains, and bridges. It’s an excellent place for walking tours, and its surrounding natural beauty adds to the town’s charm.
Paraty: A Hidden Gem on Brazil’s Costa Verde
Nestled between Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Paraty’s historic center features charming Portuguese architecture, colorful buildings, and a picturesque harbor. Car-free streets and well-restored buildings make it a delightful retreat. Visitors can enjoy luxurious pousadas, upscale dining, art galleries, and trendy boutiques. Activities include relaxing by the ocean, hiking, and cruising to nearby islands.
Colonia del Sacramento’s Barrio Histórico (Uruguay)
Colonia del Sacramento’s Barrio Histórico is a charming mix of Portuguese and Spanish colonial influences. This UNESCO World Heritage Site features tree-lined streets, pastel-colored houses, museums, lighthouses, and waterfront views. Walking through this historic center, visitors can appreciate the laid-back, timeless beauty of Uruguay’s oldest settlement.
Salta: A Colonial Getaway in Argentina’s Wild Northwest
Salta offers a blend of well-preserved colonial architecture, indigenous history, and stunning natural scenery. As a cultural hub with museums, restaurants, and bars, Salta provides a vibrant base for exploring Argentina’s northwest. The surrounding landscapes, including valleys, salt flats, and gorges, offer endless opportunities for outdoor adventures.
Cuenca: The Athens of Ecuador
Cuenca, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, features well-preserved colonial architecture and a laid-back culture. Visitors can explore cobblestone streets, historic buildings, and charming plazas. The city’s rich history, combined with modern amenities like excellent restaurants and boutique hotels, makes it a delightful place to visit.
La Paz, Bolivia
La Paz, nestled among snow-capped mountains, is a city rich with colonial history, bustling markets, and cultural vibrancy. Its high-altitude setting and historic architecture offer a unique travel experience. Aerial gondola rides, festivals, museums, and gourmet dining add to the city’s appeal.
These South American colonial towns offer a unique blend of history, culture, and charm, making them perfect destinations for travelers seeking to explore the region’s rich heritage.